Transcendental Knowledge
Verse 2.60
यततो ह्यपि कौन्तेय पुरुषस्य विपश्चितः। इन्द्रियाणि प्रमाथीनि हरन्ति प्रसभं मनः।।2.60।।
yatato hyapi kaunteya puruṣhasya vipaśhchitaḥ indriyāṇi pramāthīni haranti prasabhaṁ manaḥ
Word Meanings
yatataḥ—while practicing self-control; hi—for; api—even; kaunteya—Arjun, the son of Kunti; puruṣhasya—of a person; vipaśhchitaḥ—one endowed with discrimination; indriyāṇi—the senses; pramāthīni—turbulent; haranti—carry away; prasabham—forcibly; manaḥ—the mind
Translation · English
The turbulent senses, O Arjuna, can violently carry away the mind of a wise person, even though they are striving to control them.
Deep Meaning · English
In this verse, Bhagavan Krishna addresses the inherent fragility of the human condition, even for the seeker who possesses discrimination (vipashchit) and exerts effort (yatata). Krishna acknowledges that the senses are not merely passive windows to the world but are 'pramathini'—violently turbulent forces that possess a natural momentum toward external objects. This creates a psychological paradox: even when one intellectually understands the illusory nature of worldly pleasure, the senses can still override the intellect, dragging the mind into a state of distraction before the seeker can even react. This insight is crucial because it humbles the ego of the practitioner. Krishna is cautioning Arjuna that mere willpower or philosophical knowledge is insufficient to tame the senses. The 'force' (prasabham) mentioned implies a momentum that transcends intellectual willpower. Therefore, this verse serves as a transition, subtly pointing toward the necessity of divine grace (Bhakti) and the cultivation of an internal anchor—Brahman—that provides a stability far greater than the oscillations of the sensory apparatus.
Even for the wise and disciplined seeker, the senses possess a violent momentum that can override intellectual resolve, necessitating a higher refuge than human effort alone.
Connected Verses
Arjuna echoes this exact struggle, admitting to Krishna that the mind is as difficult to control as the wind, confirming the validity of Krishna's warning.
It elaborates on the 'stumbling blocks' of the senses by noting that attraction and aversion are the two major obstacles obstructing the spiritual path.
This verse immediately follows as the remedy, suggesting that one must restrain the senses and fix the consciousness upon the Divine to find true stability.
This verse reinforces the previous warning by explaining how a single roaming sense-object can shipwreck a seeker's intelligence, much like a gale at sea.
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