Path of Renunciation
Verse 5.23
शक्नोतीहैव यः सोढुं प्राक्शरीरविमोक्षणात्। कामक्रोधोद्भवं वेगं स युक्तः स सुखी नरः।।5.23।।
śhaknotīhaiva yaḥ soḍhuṁ prāk śharīra-vimokṣhaṇāt kāma-krodhodbhavaṁ vegaṁ sa yuktaḥ sa sukhī naraḥ
Word Meanings
śhaknoti—is able; iha eva—in the present body; yaḥ—who; soḍhum—to withstand; prāk—before; śharīra—the body; vimokṣhaṇāt—giving up; kāma—desire; krodha—anger; udbhavam—generated from; vegam—forces; saḥ—that person; yuktaḥ—yogi; saḥ—that person; sukhī—happy; naraḥ—person
Translation · English
He who is able, while still here in this world, to withstand the impulse born out of desire and anger before the liberation from the body, he is a Yogi, and he is a happy man.
Deep Meaning · English
This verse serves as a profound psychological anchor in the Gita, shifting the focus from external renunciation to the internal mastery of the nervous system and the ego. Krishna defines the 'yogi' not as one who retreats to a cave, but as one who remains vigilant against the turbulent waves of desire (kama) and anger (krodha). These urges are described as 'vegam' or impulses—the visceral, chemical, and mental surges that grip the senses before the intellect can intervene. To withstand them 'before the body is dropped' means that the practice of self-mastery is an immediate necessity in the present life, rather than a goal deferred to death or the hereafter. From an Advaita perspective, this mastery is the recognition that the Self is not the theater of these passing emotions. By learning to pause between the impulse and the action, the seeker creates a sacred space where the divine witness consciousness can reside. This equanimity is the very definition of 'sukhi' or happiness, for it is a joy that is not contingent upon the gratification of desires or the reaction to provocations. It marks the transition from being a victim of conditioned reflexes to becoming a master of one's own internal landscape, aligning the individual will with the cosmic order.
True happiness is the freedom gained by mastering the impulsive surges of desire and anger while still embodied, allowing one to reside in the steady light of the soul.
Connected Verses
Uses the metaphor of a lamp in a windless place to describe the steady mind of a yogi who has transcended these urges.
Highlights the same internal freedom for those who have conquered anger and desire, culminating in spiritual liberation.
Identifies lust and anger as the insatiable, all-consuming enemies of the soul that must be subdued.
Explains the psychological chain reaction from contemplation of objects to desire, anger, and delusion.
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