Yoga through Discerning the Divine and Demoniac Natures
Verse 16.12
आशापाशशतैर्बद्धाः कामक्रोधपरायणाः।ईहन्ते कामभोगार्थमन्यायेनार्थसञ्चयान्।।16.12।।
āśhā-pāśha-śhatair baddhāḥ kāma-krodha-parāyaṇāḥ īhante kāma-bhogārtham anyāyenārtha-sañchayān
Word Meanings
āśhā-pāśha—bondage of desires; śhataiḥ—by hundreds; baddhāḥ—bound; kāma—lust; krodha—anger; parāyaṇāḥ—dedicated to; īhante—strive; kāma—lust; bhoga—gratification of the senses; artham—for; anyāyena—by unjust means; artha—wealth; sañchayān—to accumulate
Translation · English
Bound by a hundred ties of hope, given over to lust and anger, they strive to obtain hoards of wealth by unlawful means for sensual enjoyment.
Deep Meaning · English
In this verse, Krishna describes the tragic imprisonment of the human psyche when it turns away from the Divine and toward the ego-centric pursuit of sensory gratification. The 'hundreds of snares of hope' (āśhā-pāśha) represent the subtle mental chains created by unfulfilled desires, which keep the individual in a state of perpetual anxiety and anticipation. This is the condition of 'avidyā' or ignorance, where the seeker identifies with the transient body and its cravings rather than the eternal Self. When one becomes a slave to lust (kāma) and its inevitable byproduct, anger (krodha), the faculty of discernment (viveka) is obliterated, leading to the adoption of 'unjust means' (anyāyena) to satisfy the insatiable hunger for accumulation. This passage serves as a diagnostic tool for Arjuna—and the reader—to recognize the demonic nature not as a separate entity, but as a path of psychological regression where moral boundaries dissolve under the pressure of unbridled craving. It illustrates the 'āsuri' (demonic) propensity to view the world merely as a storehouse for one's own pleasure, rather than as a sacred space for the manifestation of the Divine. Through this description, Krishna warns that such a life is a self-imposed prison that inevitably leads to the fragmentation of the spirit, as the effort spent on external acquisition leaves no room for the internal cultivation of peace or realization.
When the heart is enslaved by the cycle of craving and anger, one loses the capacity for righteousness, sacrificing eternal inner freedom for the fleeting, illusory security of material accumulation.
Connected Verses
This verse acts as the conclusion to this section, identifying lust, anger, and greed as the three gateways to hell or self-destruction.
Krishna clarifies that it is specifically desire and anger, born of the mode of passion, that are the all-devouring enemies of the seeker.
This emphasizes that those who are deeply attached to sense enjoyment and material opulence cannot attain the firm, resolute intellect required for Samadhi.
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